The three point lighting approach is the basic set up of any lighting system and can be used when shooting on location or in a studio. It involves a key light, a fill light and a back light.

The key light is the main light and is usually the one that has the most influence on a scene. It is placed to the side of the object to bring light to one side and shadows to the other. The height in which this light is placed determines the effect given off on screen.

Low key lighting usually gives high contrast. As it is only one light it directs the lighting at one part of the face making it very strong to the human eye. This type of lighting is normally used in horror films.

                                                                                                   

                                                                                     

Fill light is used to fill in the shadows created by the key light so the scene is not completely dark. It is placed on the opposite side of the key light and will be softer and less bright. The light could be moved further away to achieve this.

Back light is placed behind the subject and lights it from the rear. This gives the scene a 'depth of field'. Its purpose is to provide definition and subtle highlights around the outline of the object. This works to separate the object from the background and provide a 3D look.

Below is an example of a plan for how three point lighting is usually set up.